The growing number of aging engineering structures and the variable working conditions demand more from the scientific community for a staunch and scrupulous technology for health monitoring purposes. The understanding of this phenomenon is very important for the design of the structural health monitoring (SHM) system based on AE-hit signal capture and interpretation. We propose that the fatigue-crack faying surfaces may undergo rubbing and/or clapping during fatigue cyclic loading and thus produce strong AE signals that are registered by the AE system as hits, although the crack is not actually growing.

Pearson correlation clustering analysis was performed to compare the crack-growth and non-crack growth AE signals. Strong S0-mode Lamb wave components were observed in the crack-growth AE signals, whereas strong A0-mode Lamb wave components dominated the non-crack-growth AE signals. It was observed that the AE signals related to crack growth were clearly different from the AE signals originating from the crack while the crack was not growing.

Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and Choi–Williams Transform (CWT) analysis were performed to classify the AE signals. In addition, absorbing clay wave dams were built around the crack region to inhibit boundary reflections and grip noise.

Travel analysis was consistently performed to ensure that these AE signals were originating from the crack, though not necessarily from the crack tip. These latter AE signals could be due to rubbing and clapping of the crack faying surfaces. The gist of the phenomenon reported in this article is that strong AE signals could still be observed even when the crack stopped growing. AE signals were recorded even when the crack stopped growing, although the specific signature of these AE signals was different from those observed when the crack was growing, as discussed in the text. Subsequently, the load was reduced in order to control the SIF value at the crack tip and to inhibit the crack growth. In the beginning, a specific type of AE signal was observed while the crack was allowed to grow to up to approximately 9.4 mm in length. The SIF control was implemented in such a manner that crack growth could be slowed down and even inhibited while the fatigue experiment continued. Acoustic emission (AE) was monitored during stress intensity factor (SIF)-controlled high-cycle fatigue (HCF) tests on an aluminum 2024-T3 specimen with a fatigue crack growing at its center.

Hdt physics extension v 14.28.